Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *(s)tūg-

Meaning: to hit, to beat

Old Indian: tujáti, tuñjáti, tunákti `to strike, hit, push'

Germanic: *stūk-a- vb., *stuk-ar-ō- vb., *stauk-ōn- f., *stuk-ō- vb.; *ɵuk-ō- vb.

Celtic: *tōg-, *tuxt- > Ir tuag `Axt; Bogen', tuaigaim `schlage mit der Axt', tocht `Teil, Stück'

Russ. meaning: толкать, бить

References: WP II 615 f

Proto-IE: *(s)twer[e]-, *(s)trē-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to move quickly, to hurry

Old Indian: tvárate `to hurry, make haste', ptc. tūrṇa-, tūrta-; tū́rṇi- `quick'; turá- `quick, prompt'

Avestan: *ptc. ɵwāša- `eilig'

Old Greek: ? otrǖ́nō `antreiben, aufmuntern, auffordern, betreiben', otraléo-, otrēró- `hurtig, rasch'

Germanic: *ɵwir-a- vb., *ɵur-ja- vb., *ɵur-an- m.; *ɵwar-ōn- f., *ɵwar-an- m.; *ɵwir-il-a- m.; *staur-ē- vb., *stur-ja- m., *stur-jōn- f., *stur-m-a- m., etc.; *ɵr-um-ja- m., *ɵr-um-jōn- f., *ɵr-um-ōn- f.

Latin: amptruō / antruō, -āre `bei den saliarischen Religiosfeiern tanzend im Kreis hüpfen'; 3 pl. antruant `moventur' Paul. Fest. 9

Russ. meaning: двигаться (о Броуне)

References: WP I 749

Proto-IE: *supo, -b- (Gr h-)

Meaning: prep./adv.: under

Tokharian: B spe 'near by' (Adams 718)

Old Greek: hǘpo, hüpó prv., prp. 'unten an etwas heran, unter etwas; unter an, unter; vom Urheber beim Passiv; von unten weg, unter--hervor'

Latin: sub- prv., prp. 'unten an etwas heran, unter etwas; unter an, unter'; subs-, sus-; supīnus, suppus, suppāre; summus

Other Italic: Umbr sub-, su, Osk sup; Umbr somo 'summum'

Celtic: OIr fo prv., prp. 'unter', OCymr guo-, gu-, gua-, NCymr go-, gwa-, Corn go-, gu-, Bret gou- prv., Gaul vo- (Voretus u. dgl.), ve- (para-ve-rēdus); OIr fōen 'rückwärts gestreckt', Bret c'houen 'à la renverse'

Russ. meaning: под (нареч., предл.)

References: WP I 192 f

Proto-IE: *sū-, *sū-k-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: pig

Tokharian: B suwo 'pig, hog' (Adams 698)

Old Indian: sūkará- m. `boar, hog, pig'

Avestan: gen. hū `Schwein'

Old Greek: hǖ̂s, acc. hǖ̂n, gen. hüós m., f. `Schwein, Sau, Eber'

Slavic: *svīnъ

Germanic: *sū-, *su-g-ṓ f., *sug-iṓ f.

Latin: sūs, gen. suis f. `Schwein'; su-bulcus `Sauhirt', su-cerda `Schweinekot'; sucula f. `Schweinchen'

Celtic: OIr socc sāil `Meeressäugetier'; MIr soc m. `snuit van varken', Cymr hwch m., f. `varken'

Albanian: thi, pl. thij m. `pig'

Russ. meaning: скот (свинья)

References: WP II 512 f

Proto-IE: *sūl-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: thick liquid

Old Indian: sū́ra- m. `Soma-juice', súrā f. `spirituous liquor, wine'

Avestan: hura- 'Trank'

Other Iranian: NPers hurā 'Kumys'

Old Greek: hǖ́lǟ `Bodensatz, Schleim, Kott, Schlamm, körperliches Sekret', acc. hǖ́lǟ-n осадок в вине или в воде (tò kathízdon) Phot.

Baltic: *sul-ā̂ f., -iā̃ f.

Germanic: *sul-a- n., *sulw-ō f., *sulw-ō- vb., *saul(i)=, *saul-ia- vb.

Russ. meaning: густая жидкость

References: WP II 468

Proto-IE: *sūp-, -b-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to gulp; broth, soup

Old Indian: sūpa- m. `sauce, soup, broth'

Slavic: *sъsā́tī, *sъsā́lъ, *sъ̃sǭ

Germanic: *sū́f=, *súf=, *sū́f-l-a- n., *súf-l-a- n.; *sūp-a- vb., *saup=, *sup=, *sup-ō- vb.

Russ. meaning: хлебать; суп, бульон

References: WP II 468 f

Proto-IE: *swAid-

Meaning: to shine, to glitter

Avestan: xʷaēna- `glühend, lohend'

Baltic: *swid-u- adj., *swid-ē̂- (*swid-a-) vb., *swid- vb. inch., *swī̂d- vb. inch. (2), *swied- (-ja-) vb. tr.

Germanic: *swit-(V)l= adj.

Latin: sūdus, -a `trocken, sonnig; heiter (vom Wetter)', sūdum, -ī n. `heiteres Wetter, klare Luft'

Russ. meaning: сиять, блестеть

References: WP II 520 f (differently in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *swAlw-

Meaning: a k. of small bird (nightingale, swallow)

Slavic: *solvьjь, *solvьcь, *solvīkъ, *solvī f.

Baltic: ? *šalw-i- c., *šalw-a- c., -ia- c.

Germanic: *swalw-ōn- f.

Russ. meaning: птица (соловей/ласточка)

References: WP II 535

Comments: The association of a fish and a bird is questionable, but not impossible. For Slav. s = Balt. š < *sw- cf. *swel-men- > Gr. sélma = Germ. selm- = Slav. *selmę = Lit. šelmuõ etc.

Proto-IE: *swād- (Gr hw-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: sweet; to persuade

Tokharian: A swār, B swāre (PT *swāre) 'sweet' (Adams 725)

Old Indian: svādú-, f. svādvī́ `sweet, pleasant, agreeable'; svádate, svádati `to taste well; to enjoy, like'; svādati, -te `to taste, relish, enjoy'; svāttá- `seasoned, spiced'; svāda- m. `taste, flavour, savour'

Avestan: xʷāsta- `durch Kochen gar gemacht, gekocht'; xʷanda-kara- `gefällig', Pashto xwand `Wohlgeschmack, Vergnügen'

Old Greek: hǟdǘ-, el. wadü-s `süss, wohlschmeckend, angenehm, erfreulich'; hǟ́domai̯, aor. hǟsthē̂nai̯, ft. aor. hǟsthḗsomai̯, aor. med. hǟ́sato `sich freuen, sich ergötzen', hǟ̂dos n. `Freude, Vergnügen'; {hom. aǟdḗsei̯e, ādēkótes `bin verdrossen'- nowhere found!}, handánō, aor. hadẹ̄̂n, ep., aeol. éu̯adon, pf. éǟda `gefallen'; pf. lokr. ta wewadekōta 'quae placuerunt'; au̯thā́dēs `selbstfällig, anmassend'

Baltic: *sū̂d-ī̂- vb.

Germanic: *swōt-u-, *swōt-i-, *sut-i- adj.

Latin: suāvis, -e `süss, angenehm, lieblich, reizend'; suādeō, suāsī, -sum, suādēre `raten, geben Rat'

Celtic: Gaul Suadu-rix, -genus

Russ. meaning: сладкий; услаждать, уговаривать

References: WP II 516 f

Proto-IE: *swāghe- (Gr *hw-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to shout

Old Greek: ǟkhǟ́ `Lärm', ǟkhṓ `Schall, Ton, Widerhall', ǟ̂kho-s m. `Schall, Ton', ǟkhéō `schalle, töne', ǟkhétǟ-s `tönend'; iákhō `laut schreien, aufschreien, tosen, rauschen'', iakhǟ́ f. `Geschrei, Lärm'

Baltic: *swag-ē̂- vb.

Germanic: *swōg-a- vb., *swēg-ō- vb., *swēg-a- m., *swōg-i- c., *swōg-ia- n.; *swag-Vl-ō- vb.; *swakk-ō- vb.

Latin: vāgiō, -īre, -īvī (-iī), -ītum `wimmern, schreien'

Russ. meaning: кричать

References: WP I 215

Proto-IE: *swedh- (Gr *hw-)

Meaning: custom, habit; to be in the habit

Tokharian: A ṣotre, B ṣotri (PT *ṣoträiä) 'sign, mark, manifestation of action' (Adams 663)

Old Indian: svadhā́ f. `self-position, custom, own place, home'

Avestan: xʷaδāta `selbstbestimmt'

Old Greek: éthos n. `Gewohnheit, Sitte, Brauch', pf. ẹ̄́ōtha, éōtha, lesb. éu̯ōtha `bin gewohnt, pflege'; ē̂thos n. `Gewohnheit, Sitte, Charakter, Sinnesart', pl. `(gewohnter) Aufenthalt, Wohnsitz'

Germanic: *sid-u- c.

Latin: sodālis, -is m. `Genosse, Kamerad, Gefährte, Mitglied einer Genossenschaft, eines Geheimklubs'

Russ. meaning: обычай; иметь обыкновение

References: WP II 454 f

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